Double helix conductor with counter rotating fields

ABSTRACT

An electrical system including a body having a structure resembling a double helix having twisted conductive wires wound around both helical structures may be used to produce useful electromagnetic effects for various applications, including providing therapy and promoting growth of living organisms.

This patent application is a continuation of U.S. Utility patent application Ser. No. 14/645,379, filed Mar. 11, 2015, issued as U.S. Ser. No. 10/008,319 on Jun. 26, 2018 and claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/995,419, filed Apr. 10, 2014, the specifications of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to bodies including helically wound runners that form a double helix having twisted conductive wires wound around both helical structures, devices including such bodies, and/or (electrical) systems including such bodies that are configured to generate electromagnetic effects. The invention further relates to the manufacture of such bodies, devices, and/or systems. The invention further relates to methods of operation of such devices and systems, and applications thereof. The invention further relates to providing therapy to patients or promoting growth of living organisms by using the generated electromagnetic effects.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Spirally wound electrical conductors may exhibit certain electromagnetic properties and/or electromagnetic effects. For example, an electromagnetic coil may act as an inductor and/or part of a transformer, and has many established useful applications in electrical circuits. One or more electromagnetic coils may be used to exploit an electromagnetic field and/or other electromagnetic effect that is created when, e.g., one or more active current sources are operatively coupled to the one or more coils.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

One aspect of the invention relates to a system comprising one or more bodies, one or more current sources, one or more conductors, one or more conductive wires, and/or other components. Individual bodies may include two intertwined helically wound runners. A first runner may be coupled to the second runner, e.g. by struts. Individual runners may have a helical shape. Two runners may be arranged to form a double helix. The double helix may be arranged in a toroidal shape and/or around a toroidal structure. For example, a toroidal structure may be the same as or similar to a torus. Individual bodies may be arranged in a circular shape, a toroidal shape, and/or other shapes. One or more conductive wires may be spirally wound around one or more of a first runner, a second runner, and/or the toroidal structure. One or more pairs of twisted conductive wires may be spirally wound around one or more of a first runner, a second runner, and/or the toroidal structure. One or more runners may be configured to conduct current and/or emit electromagnetic radiation.

These and other objects, features, and characteristics of the present disclosure, as well as the methods of operation and functions of the related components of structure and the combination of parts and economies of manufacture, will become more apparent upon consideration of the following description and the appended claims with reference to the accompanying drawings, all of which form a part of this specification, wherein like reference numerals designate corresponding parts in the various figures. It is to be expressly understood, however, that the drawings are for the purpose of illustration and description only and are not intended as a definition of any limits. As used in the specification and in the claims, the singular form of “a”, “an”, and “the” include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 illustrates a side view of an exemplary body including two intertwined helically wound runners, coupled by struts.

FIG. 2 illustrates an isometric view of an exemplary body including two intertwined helically wound runners, coupled by struts.

FIG. 3 illustrates a top-down view of an exemplary body including two intertwined helically wound runners sharing the same circular axis, both runners coupled by struts.

FIG. 4 illustrates an isometric view of an exemplary body including two intertwined helically wound runners sharing the same circular axis, both runners coupled by struts.

FIG. 5 illustrates a top-down view of an exemplary body including two intertwined helically wound runners sharing the same circular axis and having wire guides, both runners coupled by struts.

FIG. 6 illustrates an isometric view of an exemplary body including two intertwined helically wound runners sharing the same circular axis and having wire guides, both runner coupled by struts.

FIG. 7 illustrates an exemplary body including two intertwined helically wound runners sharing the same elliptical axis, both runner coupled by struts.

FIG. 8 illustrates a top-down view of an exemplary body including two intertwined helically wound runners sharing the same circular axis, both runners coupled by struts and having conductive wires spirally wound therearound.

FIG. 9 illustrates a top-down view of an exemplary body including two intertwined helically wound runners sharing the same circular axis, both runner coupled by struts and having a wire spirally wound around both runners of the body.

FIG. 10 illustrates a top-down view of an exemplary body including two intertwined helically wound runners sharing the same circular axis, both runners coupled by struts and having pairs of twisted conductive wires spirally wound therearound.

FIG. 11 schematically illustrates a system for providing therapy to a subject, according to one or more implementations.

FIG. 12 schematically illustrates a system for providing therapy to a subject, according to one or more implementations.

FIG. 13 illustrates a method for providing therapy to a subject, according to one or more implementations.

FIG. 14 illustrates wiring information for wiring wires around runners, according to one or more implementations.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

FIG. 8 illustrates a top-down view of an exemplary body 85 that includes a first runner 88 and a second runner 89 helically wound in a double helix shape and arranged in a toroidal shape configured to provide therapy and/or electromagnetic effects to living organisms and/or subjects. FIGS. 1-7 illustrate how to form body 85 and variations thereon.

FIG. 1 illustrates a side view of an exemplary body 15. Body 15 may include two or more intertwined helically wound runners—runner 16 and runner 17. Runner 16 and runner 17 may be coupled by struts 18. Body 15 includes two ends—end 20 and end 21—disposed at opposite sides of body 15. Runners 16 and/or 17 may be arranged in the shape of a three-dimensional curve similar to or substantially the same as a helix and/or double helix. A helix may be characterized by the fact that a tangent line at any point along the curve has a constant angle with a (fixed) line called the axis. The pitch of a helix may be the width of one 360 degree helix turn (a.k.a. revolution), e.g. measured parallel to the axis of the helix. Intertwined helically wound runners may share the same axis, be congruent, and/or differ by a translation along the axis, e.g. measuring half the pitch. The two runners shown in FIG. 1 may share the same axis 22, extending horizontally for approximately three complete revolutions. Runner 16 and runner 17 may form a double helix. The length of body 15, as measured along axis 22 from end 20 to end 21, may thus be approximately three times the length of pitch 23. A helical shape may have constant pitch, constant radius (measured in the plane perpendicular to the axis), constant torsion, constant curvature, constant ratio of curvature to torsion, and/or a straight axis. In FIG. 1, the radius of body 15 may be half of diameter 24. It is noted that the shape of body 15 resembles the general shape of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), e.g. a double helix. In some implementations, diameter 24 may be about 1 inch, 2 inches, 4 inches, 6 inches, 8 inches, 10 inches, 12 inches, 2 feet, 3 feet, and/or other suitable diameters for a particular application.

By way of non-limiting example, additional structures and/or features of body 15 may be described in U.S. Pat. No. 8,653,925, entitled “Double Helix Conductor,” which issued Feb. 18, 2014, which is hereby incorporated into this disclosure by reference in its entirety. This patent may also be referred to as “the '925 patent” herein.

In FIG. 1, the shape of cross-section of runner 16 and runner 17 may be a rectangle that is approximately three times wider than it is tall. Furthermore, the width of runner 16 or runner 17 may be approximately 1113th of the pitch of said runner of body 15. As a result, runner 17 of body 15 resembles a ribbon having an inner surface 25 (facing axis 22 of the helical shape) and an outer surface 26 (facing the opposite way as inner surface 25). Runner 16 of body 15 resembles a ribbon having an inner surface 27 (facing axis 22 of the helical shape) and an outer surface 28 (facing the opposite way as inner surface 27). Note that implementations of this disclosure are not intended to be limited by any of the given examples.

Runner 16, runner 17 and/or struts 18 may be manufactured from one or more of plastic, plastic plated with metals including copper, nickel, iron, soft iron, nickel alloys, fiberoptic materials, and/or other materials. In some implementations, runner 16, runner 17 and struts 18 are manufactured from non-conductive material. Runner 16, runner 17, and/or struts 18 may be manufactured from different materials. In some implementations, runner 16, runner 17 and/or struts 18 may include material that is flexible.

Runner 16, runner 17, and/or struts 18 may be manufactured through integral construction or formed separately prior to being assembled. In some implementations, runner 16, runner 17, and/or struts 18 may be include magnetically permeable material. In some implementations, runner 16, runner 17, and/or struts 18 may be include non-ferromagnetic yet conducting material.

FIG. 2 illustrates an isometric view of an exemplary body 15 including two intertwined helically wound runners—runner 16 and runner 17—coupled by struts 18. Body 15 is shown here with axis 22 of both helically wound runners extending vertically.

FIG. 3 illustrates a top-down view of an exemplary body 35 including two intertwined helically wound runners—runner 36 and runner 37—sharing the same circular axis 42, both runners coupled by struts 38. The resulting shape of body 35 may be referred to as toroidal. Body 35 may be formed the same as or similar to body 15, though comprising more revolutions, by arranging the body in a planar circular shape and joining both ends—end 20 and end 21 in FIG. 1—together. The preceding statement is not intended to limit the (process of) manufacture of bodies similar to or substantially the same as body 35 in any way.

Referring to FIG. 3, the diameter 44 of the circular axis of body 35, as well as the number of complete revolutions per runner required to completely extend along the entire circular axis 42 may be characteristic measurements/features of body 35. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, runner 36 and runner 37 of body 35 may require approximately eight complete revolutions around circular axis 42 to completely extend along the entire circular axis 42 of body 35, or some other number of rotations. In some implementations, diameter 44 may be about 4 inches, 6 inches, 8 inches, 10 inches, 12 inches, 2 feet, 3 feet, 4 feet, 6, feet, 8, feet, 10 feet, and/or other suitable diameters for a particular application.

In some implementations, an inner diameter 46 and an outer diameter 45 of body 35 may be characteristic measurements features of body 35. In some implementations, inner diameter 46 may be about 1 inch, 2 inches, 4 inches, 6 inches, 8 inches, 10 inches, 12 inches, 2 feet, 3 feet, 4 feet, 6, feet, 8, feet, 10 feet, and/or other suitable diameters for a particular application. In some implementations, outer diameter 45 may be about 1 inch, 2 inches, 4 inches, 6 inches, 8 inches, 10 inches, 12 inches, 20 inches, 2 feet, 3 feet, 4 feet, 6, feet, 8, feet, 10 feet, and/or other suitable diameters for a particular application. For example, in some implementations, inner diameter 46 may be about 10 inches and outer diameter 45 may be about 20 inches.

Note that one or more struts 38 of body 35 in FIG. 3 include a center-strut element 39, which is lacking from struts 18 of body 15. Center-strut element 39 may be associated with a particular strut of body 35. In some implementations, runners 36 and 37 as depicted in FIG. 3 may share one or more features attributed to runners 16 and 17 in FIGS. 1 and 2.

FIG. 4 illustrates an isometric view of an exemplary body 35 including two intertwined helically wound runners—runner 36 and runner 37—sharing the same circular axis, both runners coupled by struts 38. Note that, as in FIG. 3, the struts of body 35 in FIG. 4 may include a center-strut element 39, which may be lacking from struts 18 of body 15.

FIG. 5 illustrates a top-down view of an exemplary body 55 including two intertwined helically wound runners—runner 57 and runner 58—sharing the same circular axis 62 and having wire guides 56, both runners coupled by struts 59. Any part of runner 57 or runner 58 may include wire guides 56. Wire guides 56 may include grooves, notches, protrusions, slots, and/or other structural elements disposed on and/or in runner 57 or runner 58 and configured to guide a wire (not shown in FIG. 5) along at least a part of the surface of runner 57 or runner 58. For example, FIG. 8 illustrates a body similar to body 55 in FIG. 5 (though without wire guides 56) that has wired wound around the two intertwined helically wound runners.

Such a wire, as any wire listed in any figure included in this description, may be insulated, uninsulated, or partially insulated and partially uninsulated. As used herein, a “wire” may include a set of twisted wires (which may interchangeably be referred to as a “twisted wire” or a “pair of twisted wires”), including but not limited to a set of two twisted wires. The number of turns of a set of twisted wires per inch and/or per helical revolution of a runner may be characteristic measurements/features of the system. In some implementations, the number of twists per inch of a twisted wire may be about 2, about 5, about 10, about 20, about 100, about 150, about 200, about 250, and/or another suitable number of twists. In some implementations, the number of twists per inch of a twisted wire may be 144 twists.

In some implementations, the frequency characteristics of an alternating current and/or the corresponding generated electromagnetic field may be based on, proportional to, and/or otherwise related to the number of twists of a twisted wire. For example, a higher number of twists per inch may correspond to a higher operating frequency for the alternating current and/or the corresponding generated electromagnetic effect and/or field. In some implementations, multiple twisted wires (e.g. a first twisted wire wound around a first runner and a second twisted wire wound around a second runner) may have the same direction of twisting, and/or a different direction of twisting. In some implementations, multiple wires (e.g. twisted wires) may be wound around the same runner. In some implementations, a wire may be wound around some or all of one or more struts.

In some implementations, the wires used as conductive wires (including but not limited to a pair of twisted wires) may have a diameter of at about 26 American Wire Gauge (AWG), about 25 AWG, about 24 AWG, about 23 AWG, about 22 AWG, about 21 AWG, about 20 AWG, about 19 AWG, about 18 AWG, about 17 AWG, about 16 AWG, about 15 AWG, about 14 AWG, about 13 AWG, about 12 AWG, and/or another diameter suitable for a particular application. In some implementations, the wires used as conductive wires (including but not limited to a pair of twisted wires) may have a diameter of at least 20 AWG (i.e. a diameter at least as large as 20 AWG).

FIG. 6 illustrates an isometric view of an exemplary body 55 including two intertwined helically wound runners—runner 57 and runner 58—sharing the same circular axis and having wire guides 56, both runners coupled by struts 59.

FIG. 7 illustrates an exemplary body 75 including two intertwined helically wound runners—runner 76 and runner 77—sharing the same elliptical axis 78, both runner coupled by struts 79. A body including two (or more) intertwined helically wound runners sharing the same axis may be arranged in any planar shape, including a circle, an oval, a triangle, a square, a rectangle, an angular shape, a polygon, and/or other planar shapes. Alternatively, and/or simultaneously, such a body may be arranged in a three-dimensional curve (a.k.a. space curve). In FIG. 7, body 75 may be formed from a body similar to body 15, though comprising more revolutions, by arranging the body in a planar elliptical shape and joining both ends—end 20 and end 21 in FIG. 1—together. The preceding statement is not intended to limit the (process of) manufacture of bodies similar to or substantially the same as body 75 in any way.

In some implementations, runners 76 and 77 as depicted in FIG. 7 may share one or more features attributed to runners 16 and 17 in FIGS. 1 and 2, and/or runners 36 and 37 in FIGS. 3 and 4. For example, runners 76 and 77 in FIG. 7 may include material that is flexible.

FIG. 8 illustrates a top-down view of an exemplary body 85 including two intertwined helically wound runners—runner 88 and runner 89—sharing the same circular axis, coupled by struts 90 and having wires—wire 86 and wire 87—spirally wound therearound. In some implementations, wire 86 and/or wire 87 may be conductive wires. Wire 86 and/or wire 87, as any wire listed in any figure included in this description, may be insulated, uninsulated, or partially insulated and partially uninsulated. Wire 86 and/or wire 87, as any wire listed in any figure included in this description, may be a twisted wire (also referred to as a pair of twisted wires). Runner 88 and runner 89 of body 85 may form cores around which wire 86 and wire 87 are spirally wound, respectively. As such, wire 86 and wire 87 may be arranged in a helical shape having axes that coincide with runner 88 and runner 89, respectively.

In some implementations, runners 88 and 89 as depicted in FIG. 8 may share one or more features attributed to runners 16 and 17 in FIGS. 1 and 2, and/or runners 36 and 37 in FIGS. 3 and 4, and/or runners 76 and 77 in FIG. 7. For example, in some implementations, runners 88 and/or 89 may include flexible material.

Wire 86 may include at least two leads—lead 86 a and lead 86 b. Wire 87 may include at least two leads—lead 87 a and lead 87 b. Wire 86 and wire 87 may be conductive. In some implementations, wire 86 may be a conductor that includes a pair of twisted conductive wires. In such a case, wire 86 may include four leads. In some implementations, wire 87 may be a conductor that includes a pair of twisted conductive wires. In such a case, wire 87 may include four leads.

One or more bodies similar to or the same as body 85 may be used in an electrical system having one or more power sources and/or current sources arranged such that electrical coupling with one or both of wire 86 and wire 87 may be established, e.g. through coupling with lead 86 a and 86 b of wire 86 (and/or any other leads of wire 86 that are not depicted in FIG. 8) and through coupling with lead 87 a and 87 b of wire 87 (and/or any other leads of wire 87 that are not depicted in FIG. 8). The one or more currents supplied to wire 86 may include one or more direct currents and/or one or more alternating currents. The one or more currents supplied to wire 87 may include one or more direct currents and/or one or more alternating currents. The currents supplied to wire 86 and wire 87 may flow in the same direction or in opposite directions. For alternating currents, operating frequencies ranging from 0 Hz to 40 GHz are contemplated. The operating frequencies for wire 86 and wire 87 may be the same or different. Other electrical operating characteristics of current supplied to wire 86 and wire 87, such as phase, amplitude, power-level, and/or other operating characteristics, may be the same or different. The electrical system may be used to exploit the electromagnetic field that is created when electrical power is supplied to one or more wires of one or more bodies similar to or the same as body 85.

FIG. 9 illustrates a top-down view of an exemplary body 95 including two intertwined helically wound runners—runner 97 and runner 98—sharing the same circular axis, both runner coupled by struts (not shown in FIG. 9, and possibly obscured from view) and having a wire 96 spirally wound around both runners of body 95. Wire 96 may include two leads—lead 96 a and lead 96 b. The resulting shape of body 95 with wire 96 may be referred to as a helicoidal shape. One or more bodies similar to or the same as body 95 may be used in an electrical system having a power source and/or a current source arranged such that electrical coupling with wire 96, e.g. through leads 96 a and 96 b, may be established. The electrical power supplied to wire 96 may include a direct current or an alternating current. Operating frequencies for an alternating current flowing through wire 96 are contemplated to range from 0 Hz to 40 GHz. The electrical system may be used to exploit the electromagnetic effect and/or field created when electrical power is supplied. In some implementations, wire 96 may be a pair of twisted wires that includes four leads instead of the depicted two leads in FIG. 9. In such a case, different currents may be supplied to each of the pair of twisted wires.

In some implementations, runners 97 and 97 as depicted in FIG. 9 may share one or more features attributed to runners 16 and 17 in FIGS. 1 and 2, and/or runners 36 and 37 in FIGS. 3 and 4, and/or runners 76 and 77 in FIG. 7, and/or runners 88 and 89 in FIG. 8. For example, runners 97 and 98 in FIG. 9 may include material that is flexible.

FIG. 10 illustrates a top-down view of an exemplary body 105 including two intertwined helically wound runners—runner 88 and runner 89—sharing the same circular axis, coupled by struts 90 and having pairs of twisted wires—twisted wire 86 x and twisted wire 87 x—spirally wound therearound. Twisted wire 86 x and twisted wire 87 x may be interchangeably referred to as wire 86 x and wire 87 x. In some implementations, wire 86 x and/or wire 87 x may be conductive. Wire 86 x and/or wire 87 x, as any wire listed in any figure included in this description, may be insulated, uninsulated, or partially insulated and partially uninsulated. Runner 88 and runner 89 of body 105 may form cores around which wire 86 x and wire 87 x are spirally wound, respectively. As such, wire 86 x and wire 87 x may be arranged in a helical shape having axes that coincide with runner 88 and runner 89, respectively.

In some implementations, runners 88 and 89 as depicted in FIG. 10 may share one or more features attributed to runners 16 and 17 in FIGS. 1 and 2, and/or runners 36 and 37 in FIGS. 3 and 4, and/or runners 76 and 77 in FIG. 7. For example, in some implementations, runners 88 and/or 89 may include flexible material.

Wire 86 x may include at least four leads—lead 86 a, lead 86 b, lead 86 c, and lead 86 d. Wire 87 x may include at least four leads—lead 87 a, lead 87 b, lead 87 c, and lead 87 d. In some implementations, wire 86 x may be a conductor that includes one or more pairs of twisted conductive wires. In such a case, wire 86 x may include more than four leads. In some implementations, wire 87 x may be a conductor that includes one or more pairs of twisted conductive wires. In such a case, wire 87 x may include more than four leads.

One or more bodies similar to or the same as body 105 may be used in an electrical system having one or more power sources and/or current sources arranged such that electrical coupling with one or both of wire 86 x and wire 87 x may be established, e.g. through coupling with lead 86 a-86 d of wire 86 x (and/or any other leads of wire 86 x that are not depicted in FIG. 10) and through coupling with lead 87 a-87 d of wire 87 x (and/or any other leads of wire 87 x that are not depicted in FIG. 10). The one or more currents supplied to wire 86 x may include one or more direct currents and/or one or more alternating currents. The one or more currents supplied to wire 87 x may include one or more direct currents and/or one or more alternating currents. The currents supplied to wire 86 x and wire 87 x may flow in the same direction or in opposite directions. For alternating currents, operating frequencies ranging from 0 Hz to 40 GHz are contemplated. The operating frequencies for wire 86 x and wire 87 x may be the same or different. Other electrical operating characteristics of currents supplied to wire 86 x and wire 87 x, such as phase, amplitude, power-level, and/or other operating characteristics, may be the same or different. The electrical system may be used to exploit the electromagnetic effect (e.g. a field) that is created when electrical power is supplied to one or more wires of one or more bodies similar to or the same as body 105.

Any of the bodies and/or systems shown in FIGS. 1-10 may be used in an electrical system. Conductors and/or conductive wires may be spirally wound around one or more runners, one or more struts, and/or any combination thereof to produce electrical systems having specific electromagnetic properties when electrical power is supplied to one or more of the conductive wires.

Applications for any of the electrical systems described herein may include affecting growth and/or growth rate of plants, animals, and/or other (living) organisms, medical applications, therapeutic applications, energy production, energy conversion, energy transformation, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, ATP transfer, ATP processing, and/or other applications. In some implementations, an electrical system including any of these bodies (and/or multiple instances thereof) may be used as a component in an electrical circuit, performing one or more functions and/or applications including a (tunable) inductor, a (Tesla) coil, a transformer, a transducer, a transistor, a resistor, a solenoid, a stator for an electrical motor, an electromagnet, an electromagnetic pulse generator, an electromagnetic actuator, an energy conversion device, a position servomechanism, a generator, a stepping motor, a DC motor, a (contact-free) linear drive, an axial flux device, a measurement device for magnetic permeability, a dipole magnet, and a device to alter electron and/or particle trajectory.

By way of illustration, FIG. 11 illustrates an electrical system 115 including a body the same as or similar to body 85 (shown in FIG. 8). In some implementations, body 85 may include a first runner and a second runner, which may be similar to or the same as runner 88 and runner 89 shown in FIG. 8.

Referring to FIG. 11, in some implementations, body 85 may be arranged in a toroidal shape. Conductive wires may be wound around the runners depicted in FIG. 11. Electrical system 115 may further include one or more of a user interface 120, one or more physical processors 110, one or more sensors 142, electronic storage 130, one or more current sources 12, an input component 111, a playback component 112, a processing component 113, connectors (not shown) and/or other components.

By way of illustration, FIG. 12 illustrates an electrical system 115 x including a body the same as or similar to body 105 (shown in FIG. 10). In some implementations, body 105 may include a first runner and a second runner, which may be similar to or the same as runner 88 and runner 89 shown in FIG. 10.

Referring to FIG. 12, in some implementations, body 105 may be arranged in a toroidal shape. Conductive wires may be wound around the runners depicted in FIG. 12. Electrical system 115 x may further include one or more of a user interface 120, one or more physical processors 110, one or more sensors 142, electronic storage 130, one or more current sources 12, an input component 111, a playback component 112, a processing component 113, connectors (not shown) and/or other components.

Sensor(s) 142 may be configured to generate output signals conveying information. The information may include electrophysiological information and/or other information. In some implementations, the one or more sensors 142 may include one or more of an audio sensor, a microphone, a stethoscope, a pressure sensor, a motion sensor, a proximity sensor, an electromagnetic sensor, an electrode, a temperature sensor, a current sensor, an optical sensor, an electro-optical sensor, and/or other sensors or combinations thereof. In some implementations, electrical system 115 and/or electrical system 115 x may not include one or more sensors 142.

In some implementations, the one or more processors 110 may be configured to provide information-processing capabilities and/or execute computer program components, including but not limited to input component 111, playback component 112, processing component 113, and/or other components. By way of non-limiting example, additional structures and/or features of sensor 142, processor 110, user interface 120, electronic storage 130, input component 111, playback component 112, and/or processing component 113, may be described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/194,412, entitled “Health Applications for Using Bio-Feedback to Control an Electromagnetic Field,” which was filed Feb. 28, 2014, which is hereby incorporated into this disclosure by reference in its entirety. This application may also be referred to as “the '412 application” herein.

The one or more current sources 12 may be configured to induce one or more currents across electrical leads, including but not limited to the electrical leads of the one or more conductors and/or conductive wires wound around the runners and/or the toroidal structure of body 85 (in FIG. 11) and/or body 105 (in FIG. 12). In some implementations, the one or more currents may include one or more alternating currents. In some implementations, one or more induced currents may correspond to one or more sensor-generated output signals. In some implementations, the one or more induced currents may correspond to one or more signals generated by a transducer and/or one or more other components of electrical system 115 and/or electrical system 115 x. In some implementations, the one or more current sources 12 may be configured to induce two independent currents to the two (twisted) wires that are spirally wound around the first runner and the second runner, respectively, in FIG. 11. In some implementations, the one or more current sources 12 may be configured to induce four independent currents to the four (twisted) wires that are spirally wound around the first runner and the second runner, respectively, e.g., in FIG. 12.

In some implementations, conductors are wound around the intertwined helically wound runners of the body of a system similar to electrical system 115 and/or electrical system 115 x. Such conductors may include pairs of twisted conductive wires, such that each conductor has at least four leads. For example, a first pair of twisted wires may be wound around a first runner, and a second pair of twisted wires may be wound around a second runner. In some implementations, the one or more current sources 12 may be configured to supply a first alternating current to a first wire in the first pair of twisted wires, a second alternating current to a second wire in the first pair of twisted wires, a third alternating current to a first wire in the second pair of twisted wires, and a fourth alternating current to a second wire in the second pair of twisted wires.

Referring to FIGS. 11 and 12, in some implementations, the current supplied to the conductive wires wound around the runners of body 85 and/or body 105, respectively, may be the same or similar with regard to one or more electrical characteristics, including but not limited to frequency, amplitude, power level, and/or other electrical operating characteristics. In some implementations, one or more electrical characteristics of the currents supplied to the conductive wires wound around the runners of body 85 and/or body 105, respectively, may be different. For example, in some implementations, the one or more current sources 12 may be configured to supply a first alternating current having a first frequency, a second alternating current having a second frequency, a third alternating current having a third frequency, and a fourth alternating current having a fourth frequency. In some implementations, the first frequency and the third frequency may be the same. In some implementations, the second frequency and the fourth frequency may be the same.

In some implementations, the one or more current sources 12 may be configured to supply a first alternating current having a first direction, a second alternating current having a second direction, a third alternating current having a third direction, and a fourth alternating current having a fourth direction. In some implementations, the first direction and the third direction may be the same, e.g. clockwise around the body of an electrical system as described in this disclosure. In some implementations, the second direction and the fourth direction may be the same, and opposite to the direction of the first and third alternating currents, e.g. counter-clockwise around the body of an electrical system as described in this disclosure.

In some implementations, an alternating current supplied to body 85 and/or body 105 may include a carrier signal and a modulating signal. In some implementations, carrier signals used for the alternating current may be radio-frequency signals. As used herein, radio frequency may refer to frequencies between about 30 kHz and about 30 GHz. In some implementations, the modulating signal for the alternating current may be modulated through one or more of amplitude modulation, frequency modulation, phase modulation, digital modulation, and/or other types of modulation.

In some implementations, the one or more frequencies included in the alternating current may be based on audio recordings of a note, tone, or chord, generated by a frequency generator, a function generator, and/or a (musical) instrument. In some implementations, a first frequency may be used for the first runner, and a second frequency may be used for the second runner. For example, a first frequency may be based on the sound of an instrument, e.g. a piano, playing an A above middle C (also referred to as A4, which may include sound having a frequency of about 432 Hz, depending on the tuning system used). For example, a second frequency may be based on the sound of some instrument, e.g. a piano, playing a note forming a harmonious interval with A4, e.g. E5, which may include sound having a frequency of about 648 Hz. For example, a third frequency, if used, may be based on the sound of some instrument, e.g. a piano, playing a note forming a harmonious interval with A4,

e.g. A5, which may include sound having a frequency of about 864 Hz. The particular tuning used in some implementations may be referred to as Pythagorean tuning. Mathematically perfect tuning may combine notes having a 3:2 ratio. Different types of tuning (or tuning systems), including but not limited to equal tempered tuning, may be used and considered within the scope of this disclosure.

Processor 110 may include one or more of a digital processor, an analog processor, a digital circuit designed to process information, a central processing unit, a graphics processing unit, an analog circuit designed to process information, and/or other mechanisms for electronically processing information. Although processor 110 is shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 as a single entity, this is for illustrative purposes only. In some implementations, processor 110 may include a plurality of processing units.

It should be appreciated that although components 111-113 are illustrated in FIGS. 11 and 12 as being co-located within a single processing unit, in implementations in which processor 110 includes multiple processing units, one or more of components 111-113 may be located remotely from the other components. The description of the functionality provided by the different components 111-113 described herein is for illustrative purposes, and is not intended to be limiting, as any of components 111-113 may provide more or less functionality than is described. For example, one or more of components 111-113 may be eliminated, and some or all of its functionality may be incorporated, shared, integrated into, and/or otherwise provided by other ones of components 111-113. Note that processor 110 may be configured to execute one or more additional components that may perform some or all of the functionality attributed below to one of components 111-113.

Input component 111 may be configured to obtain information, e.g. from one or more digital audio files, or, alternatively and/or simultaneously, based on sensor-generate output signals. In some implementations, the information may be obtained from storage, e.g. from electronic storage. Information obtained from storage may include electronic audio files in any format, including but not limited to MP3, WMA, WAV, AIFF, and/or other audio formats. In some implementations, information may be obtained from sound sources including frequency generators, function generators, phonographs, CD-players, DVD players, AM radio, FM radio, and/or other sound sources.

Processing component 113 may be configured to process the obtained information from input component 111. In some implementations, processing component 113 may be configured to generate a processed signal based on the obtained information from input component 111. For example, processing module 113 may convert, filter, modify, and/or otherwise transform information or signals from input module 111 to generate the processed signal.

Playback component 112 may be configured to produce sound signals based on one or more of the obtained information from input component 111 and/or the processed signal from processing component 113. The sound signals produced by playback component 112 may be coupled electrically to the leads of one or more conductive wires wound around one or more runners of body 1110 such that the induced current corresponds to and/or is based on the sound signals. Alternatively, and/or simultaneously, the induced current may be controlled by and/or based on the sound signals produced by playback component 112. In some implementations, the sound signals produced by playback module 112 may be amplified by an amplifier before being electrically coupled to the leads of one or more conductive wires. In some preferred implementations, the amplifier may be an audio amplifier ranging between 100 W and 400 W. Other types of amplifiers and/or amplifiers having a different power range are also contemplated.

FIG. 14 illustrates wiring information 1412 for wiring a twisted wire 1431 and a twisted wire 1432 around two runners (not shown in FIG. 14) of a body having two intertwined helically wound runners, as described elsewhere in this disclosure. For example, referring to FIG. 10, wire 86 x may include (or be implemented as) twisted wire 1431 shown in FIG. 14, and/or wire 87 x may include (or be implemented as) twisted wire 1432 shown in FIG. 14. In some implementations, twisted wire 1431 may be wound around a first runner (e.g. the same as or similar to runner 88 shown in FIG. 8 or FIG. 10). In some implementations, twisted wire 1432 may be wound around a second runner (e.g. the same as or similar to runner 89 shown in FIG. 8 or FIG. 10). One or more currents and/or signals may be provided to twisted wire 1431 through four leads and to twisted wire 1432 through four leads (indicated by a circled positive or negative sign in FIG. 14). In some implementations, the currents and/or signals provided to twisted wire 1431 and 1432 may be provided by an audio amplifier 1415 that supports multiple audio channels, e.g. a channel “a” and a channel “b” as illustrated by labels “a” and “b” in FIG. 14. The signal on channel “a” of audio amplifier 1415 is labeled “F1.” The signal on channel “b” of audio amplifier 1415 is labeled “F2.” In some implementations, one or more signals may be provided to audio amplifier 1415 by a function generator 1420 (e.g. a frequency generator). For example, function generator may be configured to provide multiple channels independently, e.g. to provide a first frequency similar to or the same as signal F1 (e.g. used to drive channel “a” of audio amplifier 1415) and a second frequency similar to or the same as signal F2 (e.g. used to drive channel “b” of audio amplifier 1415).

As shown in FIG. 14, the positive side of signal F1 may be electrically and/or operationally connected to two of the eight leads of twisted wires 1431 and 1432, wherein the two selected leads are on opposite ends. The negative side of signal F1 may be electrically and/or operationally connected to two other leads of twisted wires 1431 and 1432, which may be on opposite ends of twisted wire 1421. As shown in FIG. 14, the positive side of signal F2 may be electrically and/or operationally connected to two of the eight leads of twisted wires 1431 and 1432, wherein the two selected leads are on opposite ends. The negative side of signal F2 may be electrically and/or operationally connected to two other leads of twisted wires 1431 and 1432, which may be on opposite ends of twisted wire 1421. In some implementations using wiring information 1412, signal F1 may be based on a frequency of 250 Hz, and signal F2 may be based on a frequency of four times the frequency of signal F1, e.g. 1000 Hz. Likewise, signals F1 and F2 may be 216 Hz and 864 Hz, respectively, by way of non-limiting example. In some implementations, the frequencies of signals F1 and F2 may form a harmonious interval, e.g. by virtue of the frequency of signal F2 being a multiple of the frequency of signal F1.

Electronic storage 130 of electrical system 115 in FIG. 11 and/or electrical system 115 x in FIG. 12 may comprise electronic storage media that electronically stores information. The electronic storage media of electronic storage 130 may include one or both of system storage that is provided integrally (i.e., substantially non-removable) with its electrical system and/or removable storage that is connectable to its electrical system via, for example, a port (e.g., a USB port, a Firewire port, etc.) or a drive (e.g., a disk drive, etc.). Electronic storage 130 may include one or more of optically readable storage media (e.g., optical disks, etc.), magnetically readable storage media (e.g., magnetic tape, magnetic hard drive, floppy drive, etc.), electrical charge-based storage media (e.g., EPROM, EEPROM, RAM, etc.), solid-state storage media (e.g., flash drive, etc.), and/or other electronically readable storage media. Electronic storage 130 may store software algorithms, information determined by processor 110, information received via user interface 120, and/or other information that enables electrical system 115 and/or electrical system 115 x to function properly. For example, electronic storage 130 may store sound information and/or electronic audio files (as discussed elsewhere herein), and/or other information. Electronic storage 130 may be a separate component within its electrical system, or electronic storage 130 may be provided integrally with one or more other components of its electrical system (e.g., processor 110).

User interface 120 of electrical system 115 in FIG. 11 and/or electrical system 115 x in FIG. 12 is configured to provide an interface between the electrical system and a user (e.g., a user 108, a subject 106, a caregiver, a therapy decision-maker, etc.) through which the user can provide information to and receive information from the electrical system. This enables data, results, and/or instructions and any other communicable items, collectively referred to as “information,” to be communicated between the user and electrical system 115 in FIG. 11 and/or electrical system 115 x in FIG. 12. An example of information that may be conveyed to user 108 is an indication of the volume and/or intensity of the sound signals produced by playback module 112. Examples of interface devices suitable for inclusion in user interface 120 include a keypad, buttons, switches, a keyboard, knobs, levers, a display screen, a touch screen, speakers, a microphone, an indicator light, an audible alarm, and a printer. Information may be provided to user 108 or subject 106 by user interface 120 in the form of auditory signals, visual signals, tactile signals, and/or other sensory signals.

It is to be understood that other communication techniques, either hard-wired or wireless, are also contemplated herein as user interface 120. For example, in one implementation, user interface 120 may be integrated with a removable storage interface provided by electronic storage 130. In this example, information is loaded into electrical system 115 in FIG. 11 and/or electrical system 115 x in FIG. 12 from removable storage (e.g., a smart card, a flash drive, a removable disk, etc.) that enables the user(s) to customize electrical system 115 in FIG. 11 and/or electrical system 115 x in FIG. 12. Other exemplary input devices and techniques adapted for use with electrical system 115 in FIG. 11 and/or electrical system 115 x in FIG. 12 as user interface 120 include, but are not limited to, an RS-232 port, RF link, an IR link, modem (telephone, cable, Ethernet, internet or other). In short, any technique for communicating information with electrical system 115 in FIG. 11 and/or electrical system 115 x in FIG. 12 is contemplated as user interface 120.

FIG. 13 illustrates a method 1300 for providing therapy and/or electromagnetic effects to a subject. The operations of method 1300 presented below are intended to be illustrative. In certain implementations, method 1300 may be accomplished with one or more additional operations not described, and/or without one or more of the operations discussed. Additionally, the order in which the operations of method 1300 are illustrated in FIG. 13 and described below is not intended to be limiting.

In certain implementations, method 1300 may be implemented in one or more processing devices (e.g., a digital processor, an analog processor, a digital circuit designed to process information, an analog circuit designed to process information, and/or other mechanisms for electronically processing information). The one or more processing devices may include one or more devices executing some or all of the operations of method 1300 in response to instructions stored electronically on an electronic storage medium. The one or more processing devices may include one or more devices configured through hardware, firmware, and/or software to be specifically designed for execution of one or more of the operations of method 1300.

Regarding method 1300, at an operation 1302, a system is arranged at or near the subject. The system includes a body. The body includes a first runner, a second runner, a first wire, a second wire, a third wire, and a fourth wire. The first runner and the second runner are helically intertwined around each other in a double helix. The first wire and the second wire form a first pair of twisted wires. The third wire and the fourth wire form a second pair of twisted wires. The first pair of twisted wires is wound around the first runner. The second pair of twisted wires is wound around the second runner. In some implementations, operation 1302 is performed by an electrical system and/or body the same as or similar to body 85 and electrical system 115 and/or body 105 and electrical system 115 x (shown in FIGS. 8, 10, 11, and 12 and described herein).

At an operation 1304, a first alternating current is induced through the first wire, a second alternating current through the second wire, a third alternating current through the third wire, and a fourth alternating current through the fourth wire such that the first alternating current, the second alternating current, the third alternating current, and the fourth alternating current generate an electromagnetic effect. In some implementations, operation 1304 is performed by and/or through one or more current sources the same as or similar to current source 12 (shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 and described herein). For example, in some implementations, operation 1304 may be performed in accordance with the wiring information depicted in FIG. 14.

Although the invention has been described in detail for the purpose of illustration based on what is currently considered to be the most practical and preferred implementations, it is to be understood that such detail is solely for that purpose and that the invention is not limited to the disclosed implementations, but, on the contrary, is intended to cover modifications and equivalent arrangements that are within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. For example, it is to be understood that the present invention contemplates that, to the extent possible, one or more features of any implementation can be combined with one or more features of any other implementation. 

1. A system comprising: a body including: a first runner and a second runner that are intertwined and helically wound around each other in a double helix, a first conductor wound around the first runner, wherein the first conductor includes a first pair of twisted conductive wires, wherein the first pair of twisted conductive wires includes a first wire and a second wire, and a second conductor wound around the second runner, wherein the second conductor includes a second pair of twisted conductive wires, wherein the second pair of twisted conductive wires includes a third wire and a fourth wire; and one or more current sources that provide a first alternating current to the first wire, a second alternating current to the second wire, a third alternating current to the third wire, and a fourth alternating current to the fourth wire, wherein the system is configured to generate an electromagnetic effect responsive to the first, second, third, and fourth alternating current being provided.
 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the first alternating current and the third alternating current have a first frequency, and wherein the second alternating current and the fourth alternating current have a second frequency.
 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the first alternating current and the third alternating current flow in a first direction through the body, and wherein the second alternating current and the fourth alternating current flow in a second direction through the body, wherein the first direction is opposite to the second direction.
 4. The system of claim 2, wherein the first frequency and the second frequency form a harmonious interval.
 5. The system of claim 2, wherein the second frequency is a multiple of the first frequency.
 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the first pair of twisted conductive wires includes magnet wires of at least 20 American Wire Gauge (AWG) diameter.
 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the first pair of twisted conductive wires is twisted at least 144 turns per inch.
 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the one or more current sources include a multi-channel function generator coupled to a multi-channel audio amplifier arranged such that a first channel of the multi-channel audio amplifier is electrically coupled to the first wire and to the third wire, and such that a second channel of the multi-channel audio amplifier is electrically coupled to the second wire and to the fourth wire.
 9. The system of claim 1, wherein the system is further configured to provide therapy to a subject in proximity to the body, wherein the therapy is provided through the generated electromagnetic effect.
 10. The system of claim 1, wherein the system is further configured to promote growth of a living organism disposed within or near the body of the system.
 11. The system of claim 2, wherein the first and second frequencies are between 0 Hz and 20 kHz.
 12. The system of claim 2, wherein the first and second frequencies are in a range of human-perceptible auditory sensitivity.
 13. The system of claim 9, further comprising a sensor configured to generate output signals conveying information related to electrophysiological information of the subject, wherein the one or more current sources are configured to dynamically control at least one of the first alternating current, second alternating current, third alternating current, and fourth alternating current to correspond to the generated output signals.
 14. The system of claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic effect includes an electromagnetic field.
 15. The system of claim 9, wherein the provided therapy interacts with an infrared field around the subject.
 16. The system of claim 9, wherein the provided therapy interacts with a flow of energy of the subject.
 17. The system of claim 2, further comprising: one or more physical processors configured via computer-readable instructions to: obtain information that includes one or more digital audio files, process the obtained information and generate a processed signal based on the obtained information, and produce sound signals based on the processed signal, wherein the one or more current sources are configured to dynamically control at least one of the first alternating current, the second alternating current, the third current alternating current, and the fourth alternating current to correspond to the produced sound signals such that at least one of the first frequency and the second frequency corresponds to one or more frequencies of the produced sound signals.
 18. A method for providing electromagnetic effects, the method comprising: arranging a system at or near the subject, wherein the system includes a body, wherein the body includes a first runner, a second runner, a first wire, a second wire, a third wire, and a fourth wire, wherein the first runner and the second runner are helically intertwined around each other in a double helix, wherein the first wire and the second wire form a first pair of twisted wires, wherein the third wire and the fourth wire form a second pair of twisted wires, wherein the first pair of twisted wires is wound around the first runner, wherein the second pair of twisted wires is wound around the second runner; and inducing a first alternating current through the first wire, a second alternating current through the second wire, a third alternating current through the third wire, and a fourth alternating current through the fourth wire such that the first alternating current, the second alternating current, the third alternating current, and the fourth alternating current generate an electromagnetic effect.
 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the first alternating current and the third alternating current have a first frequency, and wherein the second alternating current and the fourth alternating current have a second frequency.
 20. The method of claim 18, wherein the first alternating current and the third alternating current flow in a first direction through the body, and wherein the second alternating current and the fourth alternating current flow in a second direction through the body, wherein the first direction is opposite to the second direction. 